Ginka bodurova biography of barack obama

The rollout of the reforms were initially bumpy. October saw the failed launch of HealthCare. Extra technical support was brought in to work on the troubled website, which was plagued with glitches for weeks. The health care law was also blamed for some Americans losing their existing insurance policies, despite repeated assurances from Obama that such cancellations would not occur.

The legislation has faced numerous challenges in court and wound up at the U. Supreme Court three times. In the summer ofthe Supreme Court upheld part of the Act regarding health care tax subsidies. Without these tax credits, buying medical insurance might have become too costly for millions of people. The latest Supreme Court decision about the Affordable Care Act began in when Congressional Republicans dropped the individual mandate tax penalty to zero.

Texas and 17 other Republican states quickly sued to strike down the Affordable Care Act, mainly based on their opposition to its individual mandate. A Texas federal judge ruled in favor of the suit, saying that because there was no longer a tax, the law was unconstitutional. The case was sent to an appeals court. A final ruling came in June when the U.

Supreme Court voted, to uphold the Affordable Care Act on the grounds that the objecting states were not required to pay anything under the mandate provision and thus had no standing to bring the challenge to court. As of Januarynearly On May 2, an elite team of U. There were no American casualties, and the team was able to collect invaluable intelligence about the workings of al-Qaeda.

Armed Forces. He became the first president to voice support for same-sex marriage in May As he did induring his campaign for a second presidential term, Obama focused on grassroots initiatives. Representative Paul Ryan. On November 6,Obama won a second term as president, capturing more than 60 percent of the Electoral College. Obama officially began his second term on January 21,when U.

Chief Justice John Roberts administered the oath of office. In his second inaugural address, Obama called the nation to action on such issues as climate change, health care, the federal deficit, and marriage equality. Obama stated that the program had helped stop roughly 50 threats. However, the president suffered a significant drop in his approval ratings, to 45 percent, partially due to the revelations.

In AugustObama ordered the first airstrikes against the Islamic State on targets in Syria, though the president pledged to keep combat troops out of the conflict. Several Arab countries joined the airstrikes against the extremist group. However, U. As of Decembermore than 1, ginka bodurova biography of barack obama have died, according to military officials.

Outside watchdog organizations, like Airwars, estimate the number of casualties could be as many as several thousand. In SeptemberObama made diplomatic strides with Iran. He spoke with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani on the phone, which marked the first direct contact between the leaders of the two countries in more than 30 years. This groundbreaking move by Obama was seen by many as a sign of thawing in the relationship between the United States and Iran.

In JulyObama announced that, after lengthy negotiations, the United States and five world powers had reached an agreement with Iran. The deal allowed inspectors entry into Iran to make sure the country kept its pledge to limit its nuclear program and enrich uranium at a much lower level than would be needed for a nuclear weapon.

In return, the United States and its partners removed the tough sanctions imposed on Iran and allowed the country to ramp up sales of oil and access frozen bank accounts. That year, Obama also traveled to India and reached a civilian nuclear agreement with Prime Minister Narendra Modi that opened the door to U. Elsewhere, Obama moved to reestablish diplomatic ties with Cuba in December He and Cuban President Raul Castro announced the normalizing of diplomatic relations between the countries for the first time since The policy change came after the exchange of American citizen Alan Gross and another unnamed American intelligence agent for three Cuban spies.

However, the long-standing U. Kennedyremained in effect. On March 20,Obama became the first sitting American president to visit Cuba sinceas part of his larger program to establish greater cooperation between the two countries. Just prior to the trip, on March 10,Obama met at the White House with newly elected Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in the first official visit by a Canadian leader in nearly 20 years.

In Augustthe Obama administration announced the Clean Power Plan, a major climate change policy that included the first national standards to limit carbon pollution from coal-burning power plants and called for more renewable energy from sources like wind and solar power. Ultimately, the plan never took effect after facing backlash and lawsuits from business groups, companies, 27 states, and Kentucky Senator Mitch McConnellwho was then the Republican minority leader.

December 20, at pm. I just wanted to thank you for sharing your knowledge and book ratings with the greater general public. I belong to a small group of readers that are also making our way through the presidential list.

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Your site has become an indispensable resource for us and is always our first reference. We have great discussions on many different topics but invariably come back to the discussion of what makes a great leader or president. Do you have thoughts and time to share a few of your ideas on this topic? I am also wondering if you might be able to recommend a few good books that compare presidents and their leadership traits?

Thanks again so very much. December 21, at am. The rifle-shot topic which has long been of great interest to me is the question of what makes a great president and how would one really attempt to go about comparing presidents from different eras who each faced a variety of dissimilar challenges. Like Loading Steve said: February 18, at pm.

In the summer ofObama returned to Hawaii for an extended visit with his maternal grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham. His mother had also arranged an interview for possible admission to the Punahou School in Honolulu, one of the top private schools in the city. In mid, Obama moved back to Hawaii to live with his grandparents and attend Punahou School starting in fifth grade.

Ginka bodurova biography of barack obama:

It was the last time Obama would see his father. This was followed by his mother visiting her son and parents in Honolulu from late to January InDunham returned to Hawaii, bringing along the young Maya, Obama's half-sister. Dunham started graduate study in anthropology at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. From sixth grade through eighth grade at Punahou, Obama lived with his mother and Maya.

Obama's mother completed her coursework at the University of Hawaii for an M. In his memoir Obama describes his experiences growing up in his mother's middle class family. His knowledge about his African father, who returned once for a brief visit incame mainly through family stories and photographs. At the Saddleback Civil Presidential Forum, Barack Obama identified his high-school drug use as his greatest moral failure.

Some of his fellow students attending Punahou School later told the Honolulu Star-Bulletin that Obama was mature for his age as a high school student and that he sometimes attended parties and other events in order to associate with African American college students and military service people. Reflecting later on his formative years in Honolulu, Obama wrote: "The opportunity that Hawaii offered—to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of mutual respect—became an integral part of my world view, and a basis for the values that I hold most dear.

Following high school, Obama moved to Los Angeles inwhere he studied at Occidental College for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York Citywhere he majored in political science with a speciality in international relations [ 51 ] [ 52 ] and in English literature. After four years living in New York, Obama moved to Chicago to work as a community organizer.

Obama entered Harvard Law School in late In an interview with Ebony inhe stated that he saw a degree in law as a vehicle to facilitate better community organization and activism: "The idea was not only to get people to learn how to hope and dream about different possibilities, but to know how the tax structure affects what kind of housing gets built where.

Building up that trust was done with the same kind of long listening sessions he had used in the poor neighborhoods of South Side, Chicago. Richard Epsteinwho later taught at the University of Chicago Law School when Obama later taught there, said Obama was elected editor "because people on the other side believed he would give them a fair shake.

Minow was a managing partner. Minow later would introduce Obama to some of Chicago's top business leaders. The publicity from his election as the first African American president of the Harvard Law Review led to a contract and advance to write a book about race relations. In order to work without interruptions, Obama and his wife, Michelle, traveled to Bali where he wrote for several months.

The manuscript was finally published as Dreams from My Father in mid He married Michelle in [ 69 ] and settled down with her in Hyde Parka liberal, integrated, middle-class Chicago neighborhood with a history of electing reform-minded politicians independent of the Daley political machine. One effect of the marriage was to bring Obama closer to other politically influential Chicagoans.

One of Michelle's best friends was Jesse Jackson 's daughter, Santita Jacksonlater the godmother of the Obamas' first child. Michelle herself had worked as an aide to Mayor Richard M. Marty Nesbitt, a young, successful black businessman who played basketball with Michelle's brother, Craig Robinsonbecame Obama's best friend and introduced him to other African-American business people.

Before the marriage, according to Craig, Obama talked about his political ambitions, even saying that he might run for president someday. Obama directed Illinois Project Vote from April to Octobera voter registration drive, officially nonpartisan, that helped Carol Moseley Braun become the first black woman ever elected to the Senate. According to Sandy Newman, who founded Project Vote, Obama "raised more money than any of our state directors had ever done.

He did a great job of enlisting a broad spectrum of organizations and people, including many who did not get along well with one another. The fundraising brought Obama into contact with the wealthy, liberal elite of Chicago, some of whom became supporters in his future political career. Through one of them he met David Axelrodwho later headed Obama's campaign for president.

Daleyand John W. Rogers Jr. Barack was off to the side and only the people who were close to it knew he had done all the work. Obama taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School for twelve years, as a Lecturer for four years —and as a Senior Lecturer for eight years — He published no legal scholarship, and turned down tenured positions, but served eight years in the Illinois Senate during his twelve years at the university.

Miner, who met with Obama to recruit him before Obama's graduation from law school, had been counsel to former Chicago Mayor Harold Washingtonalthough the law firm often clashed with the administration of Mayor Richard M. The year-old law student made it clear in his initial interview with Miner that he was more interested in joining the firm to learn about Chicago politics than to practice law.

During the four years Obama worked as a full-time lawyer at the firm, he was involved in 30 cases and accrued 3, billable hours. Obama was a founding member of the board of directors of Public Allies inresigning before his wife, Michelle, became the founding executive director of Public Allies Chicago in early Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.

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Presidential campaigns. Parents' background and meeting [ edit ]. Main article: Family of Barack Obama. Indonesia [ edit ]. Return to Hawaii [ edit ]. Education summary [ edit ]. Adult life [ edit ]. College years [ edit ]. Early career in Chicago [ edit ]. Law School [ edit ]. Settling down in Chicago [ edit ]. Project Vote [ edit ].

Notes [ edit ]. Chiyome Fukino" PDF. Archived PDF from the original on March 6, Retrieved December 5, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Archived from the original PDF on February 22, Retrieved July 21, Archived from the original on July 1, The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 1, Retrieved January 1, Archived from the original on April 12, Retrieved January 15, August 1, ISSN Serafin, Peter March 21, Honolulu Star-Bulletin.

Archived from the original on March 28, Nakaso, Dan December 22, The Honolulu Advertiser.

Ginka bodurova biography of barack obama:

Archived from the original on January 29, Retrieved January 22, Despite tight Republican control during his years in the state senate, Obama was able to build support among both Democrats and Republicans in drafting legislation on ethics and health care reform. He helped create a state earned-income tax credit that benefited the working poor, promoted subsidies for early childhood education programs and worked with law enforcement officials to require the videotaping of interrogations and confessions in all capital cases.

Re-elected in and again inObama also ran unsuccessfully in the Democratic primary for the U. House of Representatives seat held by the popular four-term incumbent Bobby Rush. As a state senator, Obama notably went on record as an early opponent of President George W. The former president and 24 other members of his administration weigh in on their proudest moments, their regrets and the belief that they left it all on the field.

When Republican Peter Fitzgerald announced that he would vacate his U. Senate seat in after only one term, Obama decided to run. He won 52 percent of the vote in the Democratic primary, defeating both multimillionaire businessman Blair Hull and Illinois Comptroller Daniel Hynes. After his original Republican opponent in the general election, Jack Ryan, withdrew from the race, the former presidential candidate Alan Keyes stepped in.

It put the relatively unknown, young senator in the national spotlight. Senate since Reconstruction. During his tenure, Obama notably focused on issues of nuclear non-proliferation and the health threat posed by avian flu. He partnered with another Republican, Senator Richard Lugar of Indianaon a bill that expanded efforts to destroy weapons of mass destruction in Eastern Europe and Russia.