Hugo chavez biography oficialmente

However, in Decemberhe announced he needed further cancer surgery in Cuba, and named his Vice-President, Nicolas Maduro, as his preferred successor should the need arise. Since then he has struggled to recover and remained out of public view, finally returning to Venezuela in February. In FebruaryMr Chavez led a doomed attempt to overthrow the government of President Carlos Andres Perez amid growing anger at economic austerity measures.

The foundations for that failed coup had been laid a decade earlier, when Mr Chavez and a group of fellow military officers founded a secret movement named after the South American independence leader Simon Bolivar.

Hugo chavez biography oficialmente: Desde su elección en

The revolt by members of the Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement claimed 18 lives and left 60 injured before Mr Chavez gave himself up. He was languishing in a military jail when his associates tried again to seize power nine months later. That second coup attempt, in Novemberwas crushed as well. Mr Chavez spent two years in prison before being granted a pardon.

Archived from the original on 6 March Archived from the original on 5 December Retrieved 2 February March Retrieved 15 June El Nacional. Archived from the original on 24 April Retrieved 24 April Inter Press Service. Archived from the original on 2 April Retrieved 29 December The Economist. Archived from the original on 25 August Retrieved 3 May Archived PDF from the original on 17 October National Geographic.

Hugo chavez biography oficialmente: Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías

Retrieved 2 October Foreign Policy. Retrieved 26 October Bloomberg L. Archived from the original on 7 November Retrieved 7 March El Universal. Archived from the original on 14 May Retrieved 25 February ISSN S2CID While indicators of income and consumption showed clear progress, the harder-to-change characteristics of structural poverty and inequality, such as the quality of housing, neighborhoods, education, and employment, remained largely unchanged.

El Universo in Spanish. Retrieved 16 July El Pais. Retrieved 3 February Retrieved 6 February Retrieved 10 May Retrieved 21 April Archived from the original on 22 April United Nations. Retrieved 24 October Retrieved 23 February Cambridge University Press. Competitive Authoritarianism by Steven Levitsky. Retrieved 22 October Retrieved 19 May World Politics Review.

Archived from the original on 29 October Retrieved 10 March BBC News. Retrieved 26 April The New York Times. The Boston Globe. Retrieved 14 April Retrieved 10 September Retrieved 18 March The Scotsman. Archived from the original on 7 April Comandante : Hugo Chavez's Venezuela. Penguin Books: New York. Comandante: Hugo Chavez's Venezuela. Archived from the original on 6 April La Marea in Spanish.

Retrieved 26 December London; New York: Verso. Retrieved 27 July New York: Nation Books. El Nuevo Herald.

Hugo chavez biography oficialmente: Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías was a

Retrieved 17 February The Guardian. Retrieved 27 June Archived from the original on 15 January Retrieved 22 April Retrieved 2 September Washington, D. Election Observation Report. International Republican Institute. Archived from the original PDF on 4 September Voter turnout rose significantly in the elections, reversing a two-decade trend toward lower participation.

Consejo Nacional Electoral. Freedom House. Archived from the original on 28 July Retrieved 28 July The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones Newswires. ISSN: United States Department of State. Archived from the original PDF on 31 December Retrieved 23 April London [u. Retrieved 15 May Retrieved 19 December Retrieved 27 June — via Google Books.

Hugo chavez biography oficialmente: El primer gobierno de

First, it sustains and builds popular support for his leadership. Second, the television show is oriented to, and popular among, the lower classes of Venezuela who have traditionally remained outside of the political process. Finanzas Digital. Retrieved 3 June Accessed 3 November Archived from the original PDF on 17 August Retrieved 21 July The fuse for the bomb that is now blowing up Venezuela's oil industry — and the country along with it — was deliberately lit and fanned by Gulf News.

Archived from the hugo chavez biography oficialmente on 29 September Retrieved 30 December Retrieved 4 December Archived from the original on 3 December Retrieved 3 December Retrieved 16 October Retrieved 16 August El Universal in Spanish. Retrieved 28 September Retrieved 27 May Inter Press Service News Agency. Archived from the original on 12 June Retrieved 28 May Archived from the original on 27 May Archived from the original on 31 August Retrieved 29 March Organization of American States.

Inter American Press Association. Archived from the original on 28 September Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 14 November Committee to Protect Journalists. Archived from the original on 4 August Archived from the original on 1 September Retrieved 17 June Archived from the original on 22 January Retrieved 26 February Libertad Digital.

Google in Spanish. Agencia EFE. Retrieved 31 July El Nacional in Spanish. Retrieved 29 July El Mundo Venezuela. Archived from the original on 22 May Retrieved 14 May Archived from the original on 12 July Retrieved 17 May Archived from the original on 11 April BBC in Spanish. El Economista in Spanish. October The Washington Post. Fox News Channel.

Retrieved 8 October France Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on 11 January Retrieved 8 January Univision Communications Inc. Archived from the original on 28 February Retrieved 28 February National Post. Retrieved 6 March Hugo Chavez. Random House Publishing Group. In Defense of Marxism. Latin American Research Review. Retrieved 18 August First published in the New American Cyclopedia, Vol.

III, Gangrillas : the unspoken pros and cons of legalizing drugs. Retrieved 23 December COA News. Archived from the original on 30 April Il Fatto Quotidiano. Corriere della Sera. While he was na pilgrimage, cardinal Rosalio Lara said that those that did not have the same ideas as the people in power were persecuted, and that Chavez' way of running the country was undemocratic.

He had an operation on his pelvis to remove his colorectal cancer. He was treated for the disease in Cuba and in Venezuela. On 27 February rumors said that his daughter stopped the life support on 23 February. Contents move to sidebar hide. Page Talk. Read Change Change source View history. Tools Tools. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item.

Commander President. Nancy Colmenares. Career [ change change source ]. Awards [ change change source ]. Belief [ change change source ]. Health [ change change source ]. Many, especially the poorest and least educated citizens, were waiting for a messiah to emerge. When they saw the young officer in a red beret on February 4,speaking about Christ and Bolivar, the similarities between his simple face and words and those of millions of poor Venezuelans led the country to make its choice.

Chavez spent two years in prison after the failed coup. However, upon his release, he was welcomed by the people as a hero, and thousands of his supporters in red berets took to the streets. In subsequent years, Chavez faced numerous challenges, with both domestic and international media, powerful economic groups, and the United States Department of State accusing him of being a dictator or a madman.

However, throughout his presidency, there were no political prisoners, no opposition news outlets were closed, and no property was nationalized or expropriated. Venezuela, under Chavez's leadership, pursued an independent foreign policy, refusing to participate in economic embargoes against Cuba and the civil war in neighboring Colombia. This made Venezuela one of the few countries in the Western Hemisphere attempting to conduct its own independent policies.

However, these actions led to Chavez being labeled a dictator, and his government being considered unlawful.